Die Charité: Ein Krankenhaus in Berlin - 1710 bis heute (German Edition)

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Jan Rambow

AmazonGlobal Ship Orders Internationally. Amazon Inspire Digital Educational Resources. Full Text Available Abstract Frugivorous birds are important seed dispersers and influence the recruitment of many plant species in the rainforest. The efficiency of this dispersal generally depends on environment quality, bird species, richness and diversity of resources, and low levels of anthropogenic disturbance.

In this study, we compared the sighting number of dusky-legged guans Penelope obscura by km and their movement in two areas of Serra do Japi, one around the administrative base Base where birds received anthropogenic food and a pristine area DAE with no anthropogenic resource. We also compared the richness of native seeds in feces of birds living in these two areas.

Although the abundance of P. The rarefaction indicated a low richness in the frugivorous diet of birds from the Base when compared to the populations from DAE. We conclude that human food supply can interfere in the behavior of these birds and in the richness of native seeds dispersed. Investigations on the bioavailability of traffic-related platinum group elements PGE to the aquatic fauna with special consideration being given to palladium; Untersuchungen zur Bioverfuegbarkeit Kfz-emittierter Platingruppenelemente PGE fuer die aquatische Fauna unter besonderer Beruecksichtigung von Palladium.

The uptake and accumulation of the traffic-related platinum group elements PGE Pt, Pd and Rh by the aquatic fauna was investigated. Zebra mussels, eels and barbels were maintained in water containing either road dust or ground catalytic converter material. Following the exposure, samples of fish liver and kidney, as well as the soft tissues of the mussels, were analysed. Our results revealed that all three catalytic noble metals were accumulated by aquatic organisms.

The highest bioavailability was found for Pd, followed by Pt and Rh. The concentration factor of Pd for Dreissena polymorpha was 5 times higher compared with Pb and only 6 times lower than the essential element Cu. With regard to the increasing emission of Pd the level of this metal has to be monitored very carefully in the environment.

Hierzu wurden die Testorganismen in Wasser mit Strassenstaub einer stark befahrenen Strasse oder mit zerriebenem Autokatalysatormaterial ueber mehrere Wochen exponiert und anschliessend Leber und Niere der Fische sowie das Weichgewebe der Muscheln analysiert. Im Rahmen dieser Studien konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass alle drei Edelmetalle durch Fische wie durch Muscheln aufgenommen und angereichert werden. Fuer Pd fand sich die hoechste Bioverfuegbarkeit, gefolgt von Pt und Rh. Das Ausmass der Aufnahme von Pd durch Dreissena polymorpha war ca.

TA project 'Elements of a strategy for sustainable development in the energy sector'. The issue of projecting policies ensuring appropriate energy supply in the future has become more important in Germany after conclusion of the agreement on a long-term nuclear power phase-out. A recent comparative analysis of a selection of scientific studies forecasting the implications of a nuclear power phase-out has shown that there is demand for more studies examining the issue in greater detail, and on the basis of an enlarged scope of research topics.

Hence the present study, intended as a preliminary analysis, will investigate the potential, conditions of successful application, conceivable support schemes, and effects of those policy options that in any case, apart from the nuclear power phase-out scenario, are of essential importance in the context of building the proper conditions for sustainable development of Germany's energy sector. The options and strategies examined are: Nach Vorliegen einer vergleichenden Analyse ausgewaehlter wissenschaftlicher Studien zu den Auswirkungen eines Ausstiegs aus der Nutzung der Kernenergie in Deutschland wurde deutlich, dass vertiefende Untersuchungen noetig sind, und dass das Thema umfassender formuliert werden muss.

Die vorliegende Analyse in der Form einer Vorstudie untersucht daher die Potenziale, Einsatzbedingungen, Foerdermoeglichleiten und Auswirkungen derjenigen strategischen Optionen, die auf jeden Fall, abgesehen von den Auswirkungen eines Ausstiegs aus der Kernenergie, von zentraler Bedeutung fuer eine langfristig nachhaltige Entwicklung im Energiesektor Deutschlands sein werden. Pleading for a rational energy policy; Fuer eine aufgeklaerte Energiepolitik.

To the argument that the long half-life values of the most important products of fission represent an unacceptable burden for coming generations, the author retorts that this is an emotion-directed pseudo-argument. Anyone who ventures into deep geological strata, such as the final storage area Konrad, should also count in terms of geological periods. From this point of view, a million years - however difficult to imagine for the average human being - is not a very long time. Toxic chemical waste is accepted by society, even if the toxicity should remain for all time. The article is an extract from a lecture given by the author to the Franco-German Society for Science and Technology.

Wer sich, wie zum Beispiel beim Endlager Konrad, in tiefe geologische Schichten begebe, duerfe auch in geologischen Zeitraeumen rechnen. Und da sei eine Million Jahre, so wenig vorstellbar das auch fuer den Durchschnitts-Menschen sei, eben keine allzulange Zeit. Chemische Giftabfaelle wuerden von der Gesellschaft akzeptiert, obwohl ihre Toxitaet ewig waehre. Aus diesem Anlass hatte Tillessen vorgeschlagen, ein von einer Stiftung getragenes deutsch-franzoesisches Institut zu gruenden, dessen Aufgabe es sein soll, mit mehr Rationalitaet die von teutonischer Romantik dominierte Technikdiskussion zu versachlichen.

Meteorological systems for hydrological applications; Meteorologische Systeme fuer hydrologische Anwendungen. The development of hydrology with its many practical applications in water management has led to a great demand for hydrometeorological data, variables derived from meteorological measurements, and models.

The report shows the many fields in which meteorological data are required in hydrology and water management. Measuring networks and methods are described and critically assessed, including remote measurement by radar and satellite. For the hydrologist, the most important variables to be derived are the regional precipitation and evaporation, each with the error source and size. Other factors of interest are the snowbreak, the expected maximum precipitation rain , the statistical derivation of strong rain, and regionalisation methods for all variables derived.

These methods are presented. The possibilities of meteorology, especially WMO in the field of data transmission systems are assessed. Wo ueberall sich ein Bedarf an meteorologischen Daten in Hydrologie und Wasserwirtschaft eingestellt hat, ist in diesem Bericht zusammengefasst. Es werden die verschiedenen Messnetze und Messverfahren beschrieben und kritisch beurteilt, auch die Radar- und Satellitenfernerkundung gehoeren dazu.

Fuer den Hydrologen zaehlt zu den wichtigsten abgeleiteten Groessen der Gebietsniederschlag und die Gebietsverdunstung, jeweils mit Angabe von Fehlerquelle und Fehlerschwankung. Von Interesse sind auch die Schneeschmelze, der vermutlich maximale Niederschlag Regen , die statistische Ableitung von Starkregen und Regionalisierungsmethoden aller abgeleiteten Groessen.

Diese Verfahren werden vorgestellt. Die quantitative Niederschlagsvorhersage wird wegen ihrer Bedeutung fuer die operationellen hydrologischen Vorhersagen eingehend. Technology for the future; Technik fuer die Zukunft. The presented case study by the Fraunhofer Institute ISE shows that the market for stationary electrochemical storage prices are currently too high for economical operation. In winter, a battery in Germany is not always fully loaded because of low sunlight. Therefore, the combination of a battery with a PV system at this time of year does not have enough full cycles to be economical.

For more complete cycles of the year and consequently lower specific storage cost wind turbines or other power generators can be connected. Since - in contrast to lead acid batteries - there is no experience with long-term storage in lithium and redox flow batteries, this study is based on current forecasts.

Compared to lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid and redox flow batteries have a lower efficiency, so that the investment costs of the battery must be lower because fewer savings can be achieved. Especially for short-term storage, the production costs must be reduced. The cost reduction potential of redox flow and lithium-ion batteries is due to the current technical state of development compared to lead acid batteries very high.

This means that an economic operation in the future is possible with constant development of electricity and battery prices.

Im Winter wird eine Batterie in Deutschland aufgrund der niedrigen Sonneneinstrahlung nicht immer komplett geladen. Fuer mehr Vollzyklen im Jahr und demzufolge geringere spezifische Speicherkosten koennen Windkraftanlagen oder andere Stromerzeuger angeschlossen werden. Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz BfS. Bundesanstalt fuer Martialforschung und -pruefung BAM. Integral energy concepts for housing estates; Integrale Energiekonzepte fuer Wohnsiedlungen. Integral energy concepts for housing estates require an early cooperation between architects, planners, and specialist engineers on the basis of a holistic planning approach.

This is how future-oriented, sustainable concepts evolve which do justice to the multifarious requirements on the integral energy system of a housing estate. The present paper elucidates different approaches to optimising the energy efficiency of buildings such as the implementation of low-energy house concepts, building site and architectural planning, and detailed planning of heat insulation concepts, ventilation and air tightness concepts, and adapted heating systems. The solarisation of development plans has an influence on the arrangement of buildings, which are now planned to give the greatest possible passive and active solar energy gains.

The authors also describe solar-assisted district heating systems for housing estates. Die Solarisierung von Bebauungsplaenen beeinflusste Anordnung der Gebaeude hinsichtlich der Nutzung passivsolarer Gewinne sowie des Einsatzes von Systemen der aktiven Solarenergienutzung. Solarunterstuetzte Nahwaermenetze fuer Wohnsiedlungen werden ebenfalls beschrieben. Jahrbuch fuer Gebaeudetechnik The HVAC engineering yearbook contains contributions on energy conservation and optimization in the fields of ventilation and air conditioning: In the field of heating, the following topics are addressed, equally under the aspect of energy conservation: Further works deal with rational use of electricity in buildings, and building automation.

Auf dem Gebiet der Heizung werden ebenfalls unter dem Gesichtspunkt Energieeinsparung die Brennwerttechnologie, der hydraulische Abgleich von Heizungsrohrnetzen sowie Kesselfolgeschaltungen mit Fuzzy Control angesprochen. Weitere Arbeiten befassen sich mit der rationellen Elektrizitaetsverwendung in Geb auden sowie der Gebaeudeautomation. Fuer die Datenbank Energy wurden 17 Arbeiten separat aufgenommen. To ensure the required accuracy and prevent from mis-administration, cancer treatments, by external radiation therapy are simulated on Treatment Planning System or TPS before radiation delivery in order to ensure that the prescription is achieved both in terms of target volumes coverage and healthy tissues protection.

The TPS calculates the patient dose distribution and the treatment time per beam required to deliver the prescribed dose. TPS is a key system in the decision process of treatment by radiation therapy. It is therefore essential that the TPS be subject to a thorough check of its performance quality control or QC and in particular its ability to accurately compute dose distributions for patients in all clinical situations that be met.

The 'traditional' methods recommended to carry out dosimetric CQ of algorithms implemented in the TPS are based on comparisons between dose distributions calculated with the TPS and dose measured in physical test objects PTO using the treatment machine. This method has three advantages: Preventive strategy for nanomaterials. Special report; Vorsorgestrategien fuer Nanomaterialien. The SRU sees a need for greater transparency here to enable public authorities to react swiftly whenever evidence of health or environmental risks arises.

Consumers should in principle enjoy freedom of choice. For this reason the SRU recommends creating a registry of nanoproducts and supplementation of existing labelling requirements. Ziel ist es, Innovationen zu ermoeglichen, aber auch Risiken fruehzeitig zu erkennen und zu mindern. Sobald ein begruendeter Anlass zur Besorgnis besteht, muss nach dem Vorsorgeprinzip gehandelt und zwischen Risiken und Chancen abgewogen werden. Um dies zu ermoeglichen, sind zahlreiche rechtliche Aenderungen erforderlich.

In der Praxis fuehren aber die Besonderheiten von Nanomaterialien dazu, dass nicht alle rechtlichen Instrumente greifen. So werden Nanomaterialien bei der Registrierung von Chemikalien und bei der Zulassung von Produkten nicht immer separat erfasst und damit bewertet. Der SRU empfiehlt, solche nanospezifischen Regelungsluecken schnell zu schliessen.

Dazu ist es notwendig, Nanomaterialien verbindlich zu definieren, sie grundsaetzlich bei der Risikobewertung von Chemikalien wie eigenstaendige Stoffe zu behandeln und mit einem eigens auf sie zugeschnittenen Datensatz zu registrieren. Dabei duerfen die Risiken von Nanomaterialien nicht pauschal bewertet werden, weil manche Materialien nach heutigem Kenntnisstand unbedenklich sind, waehrend bei anderen ein Risikopotenzial besteht.

Parameters for viable process combinations; Randbedingungen fuer sinnvolle Verfahrenskombinationen. The following parameters merit examination in determining the viability of process combinations: The present contribution on this subject is not intended to take the place of or cover the scope of single-case studies. In practice, viability studies on process combinations have to deal with concrete plans involving precisely defined material flow balances, emissions, costs etc. The present paper therefore only presents the basic principles of this type of study.

Nun kann dieser Beitrag zum Thema keine Einzelfallbetrachtung ersetzen bzw. Im Rahmen dieser Betrachtung koennen nur die Grundzuege einer derartigen Pruefung dargestellt werden. Ageing management of mechanical components; Alterungsmanagement fuer mechanische Komponenten. Lifetime management, ageing management and integrity testing are part of technical rules and specifications. The contribution focuses on ageing management, for which different technical measures are required depending on the safety relevance of the components and systems involved.

The procedure for ensuring adherence to the specified quality is outlined, and the required technical and organisational measures are explained. Ein wesentliches Element stellt dabei das Alterungsmanagement dar. Je nach sicherheitstechnischer Bedeutung der zu betrachtenden Komponenten und Systeme oder auch aus Gruenden der vorbeugenden Instandhaltung sind unterschiedliche technische Massnahmen erforderlich.

Die Vorgehensweise zur Absicherung der im Betrieb geforderten Qualitaet wird aufgezeigt und die dabei erforderlichen technischen und organisatorischen Massnahmen werden erlaeutert. Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras. Simulation of dose deposition in heterogeneities in the human body, using the Penelope code for photons beams of energies of a linear accelerator; Simulacion de la deposicion de dosis en las heterogeneidades del cuerpo humano, usando el codigo Penelope para haces de fotones de energias de un acelerador lineal.

Penelope simulation of electron beams 6 MeV from a linear accelerator for studies in different materials equivalent to human body; Simulacion Penelope de haces de electrones de 6 MeV de un acelerador lineal para estudios en diferentes materiales equivalentes al cuerpo humano. Simulation of the energy response of the I. IV pressurised re-entrant well type ionization chamber using the Penelope Monte-Carlo code. In radiation metrology, pressurized ionization chambers are essential tools in secondary standard laboratories as relative calibration instruments.

Calculations of the calibration figures for different radionuclides are very important parameters for radioactivity measurements. The calibration figures for the I. IV pressurized re-entrant ionization chamber also called well-type ionisation chamber are calculated here using the P. In order to test and validate the Monte Carlo simulation, calculated and experimental calibration figures are compared. The task of this work was to calculate the activity of a radioactive solution when no experimental calibration figures are available as well as to improve the accuracy of activity measurements.

The chamber is filled with nitrogen gas at 1 MPa pressure. The simulated models of the chamber are designed by means of reduced quadric equation applying the appropriate transformations including: The simulated geometries are defined for the cases: The effect of density variations of the nitrogen gas on the sensitivity of such ionization chambers has been investigated. The Penelope Monte-Carlo code is also used to examine the effects of using lead and copper shields. The sensitivity to electrons is evaluated as well. SBRT of lung tumours: Two phantoms were modelled to simulate a pentagonal cross section with chestwall unit density , lung density 0.

Dose distributions were simulated for five beams impinging on the phantom. The simulations were conducted both for the static case and including the influence of respiratory motion. To reproduce the effect of breathing motion different simulations were performed keeping the beam fixed and displacing the phantom geometry in chosen positions in the cranial and caudal and left-right directions.

The final result was obtained by combining the different position with two motion patterns. Some calculations were also carried out with the analytical anisotropic algorithm AAA in the Eclipse system. All calculations with the TPSs were performed without simulated breathing motion, according to clinical practice. The Rossendorf research site. The illustrated brochure presents the Rossendorf research site at a glance. There are two major new establishments, the Rossendorf Research Center and the Verein fuer Kernverfahrenstechnik und Analytik Rossendorf VKTA , whose main activities cover basic research and tasks in the field of nuclear facilities decommissioning and radwaste management on site.

Steam supply for the Principality of Liechtenstein. Process heat for industrial applications; Dampflieferung fuer das Fuerstentum Liechtenstein. Prozesswaerme fuer die Industrie. Switzerland is leading the world in thermal waste management. There are 29 incinerators KVA - Kehrichtverbrennungsanlagen with a capacity of 3. They are operated by industrial or municipal owners and by the Verein fuer Abfallentsorgung Buchs SG. The project executing organizations, the governmental funding, share holding and subsidiaries are summarized.

Fibre-reinforced ceramics for vehicle brakes; Faserverstaerkte Keramiken fuer Bremsenanwendungen. Fibre-reinforced ceramics are extremely light, with a high fracture toughness, and have a high potential for applications in motor brakes. It is envisaged that they will last through the whole vehicle life. They can be used in passenger cars, industrial vehicles, high-speed trains, aircraft and in safety brakes in machines, plants and haulage systems.

Diese extrem leichten und bruchzaehen Faserkeramiken haben sich unter den besonderen Bedingungen des Weltraums beispielsweise fuer Hitzeschutzstrukturen von Raumfahrzeugen hervorragend bewaehrt. Darueber hinaus zeigten Untersuchungen ein hohes Anwendungspotenzial fuer neue Bremsen mit deutlich verbesserten Reibungs- und Verschleisseigenschaften. Weiterentwicklungen des keramischen Gefueges fuehrten zu innovativen Leichtbau- bzw.

Hochleistungs-Bremsen auf der Basis dieser harten und hitzebestaendigen Verbundwerkstoffe. Bereits mit serienmaessigen Bremsbelaegen wurden die heute geltenden Verschleiss- und Reibwertanforderungen teilweise weit uebertroffen. Die Leistungsfaehigkeit heutiger Bremssysteme kann damit deutlich gesteigert und die ungefederte Masse des Fahrwerks drastisch reduziert werden. Mit der zielgerichteten Anpassung geeigneter Belaege auf die neuen Keramik-Bremsscheiben scheint erstmals ein Einsatz von Lebensdauerbremsen moeglich zu sein, deren geringe Verschleissraten einen Austausch der Bremsscheiben waehrend der Betriebszeit eines Fahrzeugs ueberfluessig machen.

Neben der Verwendung dieser innovativen Leichtbaubremsen im PKW-Bereich wird zukuenftig deren Einsatz auch fuer Gefahrguttransporter, Hochgeschwindigkeitszuege, Flugzeuge und fuer Sicherheitsbremsen im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau sowie in der Foerdertechnik erwartet. Obtiveram-se curvas de percentual de dose em profundidade para todos os casos.

The PENELOPE code was utilized to simulate irradiation geometries where heterogeneities are present and to simulate a photon beam behavior under these conditions. For the homogeneous case, the ionizing radiation behavior was simulated only with water, and different materials were introduced to simulate heterogeneous conditions. Cubic geometries were utilized for the homogeneous phantoms, and parallelepiped-shaped geometries for the heterogeneities with the following composition: A comparison of experimental and simulated relative doses of a clinical brachytherapy source was performed.

The phantom was irradiated with 7,5 Gy, commonly used in gynecological treatments. The dose distributions readings were performed 24h after irradiation using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, weighted in T2, with repetition time of ms, echo-time of 15 ms, 16 echos and 0. The energy cutoff for electrons, photons and positrons was keV, the primary particles condensation parameters remained the same at 0. A comparison of the experimental results using the polymeric gel to the computational results showed maximum differences of Considering the high dose gradient of these clinical brachytherapy sources, the results obtained in these work show that MAGIC-f gel with modified formulation, is promising for dosimetry in brachytherapy.

In the context of their aerospace research activities, DLR Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt developed a new process for producing ceramic fibre composite materials that are extremely light and tough. Apart from their applications in aerospace engineering, they have great potential for motor brakes with improved friction and wear characteristics. Excellent results were achieved with the new materials even with conventional brake liners. With customised liners, brake life may be prolonged to match the car life.

Further applications are expected in trucks for transport in hazardous materials, high-speed trains, aircraft, industrial machinery and plants, and conveyor systems. Utilization of sleeping photovoltaic plants for environmental communication; Solarsupport fuer Schulen. Schlafende Fotovoltaikanlagen fuer die Umweltkommunikation nutzen. A central question of today's political debates is: Which means are there for ensuring a long-term and sustainable energy supply? Here, strategies for covering tomorrow's energy supply assign renewable energies a decisive role.

In face of constantly rising prices for fossil fuels like carbon, oil and gas or the still open question concerning the removal of atomic waste, these discussions are eminently urgent. In order to confront climatic change, renewable energies are needed, so that also in the future a longterm and sustainable energy supply is secured. The project has been coordinated by the Institute for Environmental Questions ''Unabhaengige Institut fuer Umweltfragen e.

Particularly, the project is concerned with the pedagogical use of solar energy at school. Despite the relatively high number of solar plants at schools, only a few use their plants for pedagogical means. The project Solarsupport surveyed schools with solar plants. As the main reason for the insufficient pedagogical use of solar plants the interviewed teachers named the la ck of a pedagogical concept and their colleagues' disinterest, two factors which are able to reinforce one another.

Moreover, it became clear that because of their insufficient technical equipment no displays, no means for evaluating the plants' output, no connection with the school computers and internet a high number of the. In tangential beam treatments accurate dose calculation of the absorbed dose in the build-up region is of major importance, in particular when the target has superficial extension close to the skin. In most analytical treatment planning systems TPSs calculations depend on the experimental measurements introduced by the user in which accuracy might be limited by the type of detector employed to perform them.

A cylindrical phantom was used to approximate the breast contour of a patient for MC simulations and the TPS. Calculations of the absorbed doses were performed for 6 and 18 MV beams for four different angles of incidence: Absorbed doses along the phantom central axis were obtained with both the PBC algorithm and the AAA and compared to those estimated by the MC simulations. Additionally, a breast patient case was calculated with two opposed 6 MV photon beams using all the aforementioned analytical and stochastic algorithms.

These differences are clinically irrelevant and are included in a 1 mm range. This tendency is also confirmed in the breast patient case. Traditionally, the correction factor k wall for attenuation and scatter in the walls of cavity ionization chamber primary standards has been evaluated experimentally using an extrapolation method.

During the past decade, there have been a number of Monte Carlo calculations of k wall indicating that for certain ionization chamber types the extrapolation method may not be valid. In particular, values for k wall have been proposed that, if adopted by each laboratory concerned, would have a significant effect on the results of international comparisons of air-kerma primary standards.

The calculations have also proposed new values for the axial component k an of the point-source uniformity correction. Central to the results of international comparisons is the BIPM air-kerma standard. Unlike most others, the BIPM standard is of the parallel-plate design for which the extrapolation method for evaluating k wall should be valid. A new 60 Co facility has recently been installed at the BIPM and the opportunity was taken to re-evaluate the correction factors for the BIPM standard in this new beam.

The new source, container, head and collimating jaws were simulated in detail with more that fifty components being modelled, as shown. This model was used to create a phase-space file in the plane 90 cm from the source. The normalized distribution of photon number with energy is shown, where the various sources of scattered photons are. Advertising campaign for natural gas vehicles is getting along; Werbung fuer Erdgasfahrzeuge kommt ins Rollen.

Six students of the Berlin University of Arts developed a nationwide communication campaign for natural gas vehicles. The campaign is the first of its kind which is not restricted to industrial and commercial users. Apart from the innovative and unusual creations, it was the results of market research that created a sensation. Neben den ungewoehnlichen und zum Teil gewagten Kreationen waren es die Ergebnisse aus der Marktforschung, die fuer Ueberraschungen sorgten. Part-turn gearboxes for electric actuators; Schwenkgetriebe fuer elektrische Stellantriebe.

Different types of gearboxes provide a useful complement to the electric actuator type ranges. The gearboxes can be combined with the actuators in many ways. Multi-turn actuators, for example, can be turned into part-turn actuators. When using a modular system, a suitable solution for almost any automation task in the field of industrial valves can be found.

Translation of «Charité» into 25 languages

Die Getriebe sind in vielfaeltiger Weise mit den Stellantrieben kombinierbar. So werden beispielsweise aus Drehantrieben Schwenkantriebe. Mit einem Baukasten-System laesst sich so fuer nahezu jede Automatisierungsaufgabe im Bereich der Industriearmaturen eine passende Loesung finden. Product marketing for eco-power; Produktemarketing fuer Oekostrom. Bulletin VSE talked to Dr. Oktober Oekostrom aus Sonne und Wasser.

Bulletin VSE sprach mit Dr. Because of its length the new structure cannot replace one of the linacs used today so possibilities to built up the accelerator and the transfer channels are worked out. Calculations comparing the injection efficiency of the present layout and the possible new layout show a recognizable improvement. The injection efficiency can be further improved using a single turn injection scheme. A septum magnet and a fast kicker for this injection scheme is designed. This PhD thesis written in German language consists of two parts: An alarm and current border regulation system has been developed for this to ensure the correct functioning of the detector and to prevent damages.

In addition, a database system endcap production database has been created to accompany the construction of the forward endcap and archive the characteristics of the photodetectors. Cross section data were measured using the stacked-foil technique and compared with theoretical calculations. A production method for the platinum nuclides was developed. The yield of this reaction was compared with the yield of the reactor production of this nuclide. The reactor production seems to be more suitable because of a higher purity and yield. Batch yields of 0.

The experimental yields were compared with the calculated yields. The agreement between these two data sets was satisfactory. Annual report ; Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz BfS. The annual report of the Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz BfS includes the following main articles: Fukushima and the consequences, new power lines across Germany and the management of radioactive wastes in Germany. Further topics of the BfS were reasonable exposure to sun and skin cancer prevention, individual health assessment of lung cancer with low-dose CT, occupational radiation exposure in medicine, radiation protection at setting up digital radio of security authorities and organizations, importance of laboratory ring experiments for incorporation monitoring, defence against nuclear hazards: The environmental research program of the Federal Environmental ministry - research for strengthening nuclear safety and radiation protection: German uranium miners biobank: Good organization is essential for success.

Energy management for commercial buildings. Energiemanagement fuer die Gebaeudetechnik. Energy costs caused by heating, ventilation, air-conditioning and lighting systems, represent a significant portion of the total operating costs of a building. In the manufacturing sector, trade and hotel the energy costs have a direct impact on the company's margins. Thus, the willingness to invest in energy saving measures increased. Kontinuierlich steigende Preise fuer Gas, Oel und Elektrizitaet erhoehen den Kostendruck auf die Gebaeudebetreiber und -nutzer: Energieeffizienz wird zu einem bestimmenden Faktor fuer die Wettbewerbsfaehigkeit eines Unternehmens.

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Meaning of "Behördendeutsch" in the German dictionary

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Der Arzt im Altertum. Daremberg, 6 vols, Paris, Imp. The seven books of Paulos Aeginata, translated from the Greek.. Adam, 3 vols, London, Sydenham Society, Heilmittel aus dem Pflanzenreich. Natural history, translated by W. Die Heilkunde der Antike. Rechtskunde und Heilkunde in Platons Staat Rep.

Mannheim, Boehringer , pp 95— Die naturphilosophischen Grundlagen der Medizin in der griechischen Antike.

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De compositione medicamentorum liber unus. De arte obstetrica morbisque mulierum quae supersunt. Aerztliches aus griechischen Papyrus-Urkunden. Der systematische Zusammenhang im Corpus Hippocraticum. Flach, Darmstadt, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, The cult of Asclepios. Harenberg Verlag, Dortmund, , pp 82— Clio Medica ; 1: Der Wille zum Ruhm.

Vuirsung, Abulcasis Altasrif c. Arabice et Latine cura J. Liber Teisir… Venetiis, J. Libri canonis nec non de medicinis cordialibus et cantica ab A. Bellumensier Antiquis arabum originalibus… correcti. Libri V Canonis medicinae. Medizinisches aus Tausendundeiner Nacht. Heilkunde und Geheimlehre des islamischen Zeitalters. Berlin, Bruno Hessling, Arabian medicine and its influence on the Middle Ages.

Liber artis medicinae, qui dicitur regalis. Ibn an Nafis und seine Theorie des Lungenkreislaufs. Additamenta ad indicem medicorum Arabicorum a Fabricio exhibitum. Histoire de la science arabe. Die literarischen Grundlagen der arabischen Heilmittellehre. How Greek science passed to the Arabs. Die Medizin im Koran. A treatise on the smallpox and measles. Translated from Arabic by W. De curis puerorum in primae aetate.

De variolis et morbillis commentaries. Libellus de peste de Graeco in Latinum sermonem versus per N. Liber nonus ad almansorem. Donate, Basilae, Petri, Arabischer Text in Faksimile. Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden, Die Medizin im Islam. Spuler et al, Hrsg: Cyrurgia Albucasis cum cauteriis et aliis instrumentis. Conciliator differentiarum philosophorum et praecique medicorum. Medizin im mittelalterlichen Abendland. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft Darmstadt, I codici di medicina del periodo presalernitano. Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura, Roma, Frau und Frauenheilkunde in der Kultur des Mittelalters.

Medical economy during the Middle Ages; a contribution to the history of European morals, from the time of the Roman Empire to the close of the fourteenth century. Medieval and renaissance medicine. New York, Philosophical Library, La pratique en chirurgie du maistre Guidon de Chauliac. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, De sermonum proprietate sive Opus de universo. Heilkunst des Mittelalters in illustrierten Handschriften. Belser Verlag, Stuttgart, Medical illustrations in medieval manuscripts.

London, Wellcome Historical Medical Library, Die Anatomie des Heinrich von Mondeville. Papiae, Antonio de Carcano, Tractatus de urinarum indiciis putilis. Das Gothaer mittelniederdeutsche Arzneibuch [Arzneybuch] und seine Sippe. Sterben und Tod im Mittelalter. English medicine in the Anglo-Saxon times. De simplici medicina seu Circa instans.

The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages. Storia documentata della scuola medica di Salerno. The Story of Medicine in the Middle Ages. Hoeber, New York, La ciroxia vulgarmente fata. Die Benediktiner in der Medizin des Mittelalters. Die Kranken im Mittelalter. Der Garten der Gesundheit. The School of Salernum, translated by F. Packard, New York, Paul B. Medicine in medieval England. London, Oldbourne Press, The surgery of Theoderic ca.

Translated from the Latin by E. Der kranke Mensch in Mittelalter und Renaissance. Das Lebensbild eines Genies. Opera omnia medico-practica et anatomica. Leipzig, Weygand, 2 Bde, De abditis morborum causis. Communicationes de Historia Artis Medicinae Suppl 15— Institutiones medicae in usus annae exercitationis domesticos. Aphorismi de cognoscendis et curandis morbis. Institutiones et experientia chemiae. Editio 3, Londini, Sumptibus Societatis, Libellus de materia medica et remediorum formulis. Editio 3, Lugduni Batavorum, Praelectiones academicae in proprius institutiones rei medicae.

Alberto Haller, Gottingae , Vandenhoeck, 6 tom, Methodus studii medici emaculata et accessionibus locupletata ab Alberto Haller. Nova, Venetiis, Pasqual, Praelectiones academicae de morbis nervorum. Opera omnia medica et chirurgica. A defence of the doctrine touching the spring and weight of the air.

Le Renaissance du Livre, Paris, Life and Work of Sanctorius. Medical Life ; Pharmacorum omnium, quae quidem in usu sunt, conficiendorum ratio, vulgo vocant dispensatorum pharmacopolarum. R Dumesnil, F Bonnet-Roy, ed.: Kunstverlag Lucien Mazenod, Genf, , pp Vor und nach Paracelsus. Rungische Druckerey, Berlin, Observationum et curationum chirurgicarum centuriae. De naturali parte medicinae libri septem. Petit traite contenant une des parties principalles de chirurgie, laquelle les chirurgiens hernieres exercent.

De Historia stirpium, New Kreuterbuch, Basel, Hirzel Verlag, Leipzig, Statical essays, containing haemastaticks. Disputationes ad morborum historiam et curatione facientes…. Lausanne, Bosquet et Soc. Elementa physiologiae corporis humani. Lausanne, Grasset et Soc. Harvei Angli Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis in animalibus. Die Bewegung des Herzens Aus der Geschichte des Vitalismus. Opuscula selecta neerlandicorum de Arte medica, Bd. Genevae, fratres de Tournes, The works of John Hunter.

Palmer, 4 vols and atlas, London, Longman, Der Mensch eine Maschine. Leipzig, Weidmanns Erben, Praxeos medicae idea nova. Lugduni Batavorum, apud viduam J. Elzevirium, et Londini, J. Septem libri de gradibus, de compositionibus, de dosibus receptorum ac naturalium. Auswahl aus seinen Schriften.

Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt a. Ten Books of Surgery, translated by R. Der swangern frawen und hebammen roszgarten. The byrth of mankynde. Commentaria in artem medicinalem Galeni. Ars de medicina statica Aphorisma. Venetiis, De statica medicina et de responsione ad staticomasticem. Commentaria in primum fen. Commentaria in primam sectionem aphorismorum Hippocratis. Texte zur Medizin im Leibperten, a Das Weltbild des Paracelsus. Andermann Verlag, Wien, Commentaria in Hermanni Boerhaave aphorismos, de cognoscendis et curandis morbis. Observationes medicae circa morborum acutorum historiam et curationem.

Tractatus de podagra et hydrope. Greenhill, London, Sydenham Society, De curtorum chirurgia per insitionem. De nervis opticis …in humano capite observatis. De humani corporis fabrica Libri septem. Opera omnia anatomica et chirurgica. Physiological Essays, containing I: An inquiry into the causes which promote the circulation of the fluids in the very small vessels of animals, II: Observations on the sensibility and irritability of the parts of men and other animals occasioned by Dr.

Edinburgh, Hamilton, Balfour and Neill, Genevae, apud Samuelem de Tournes, Von der Naturforschung zur Naturwissenschaft. An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine. Der Streit um die Vivisektion im Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart Collected papers of Paul Ehrlich. Compiled and edited by F. Deutsche Medizin im neunzehnten Jahrhundert.

Proceedings of the 4 th International Symposium on the History of Anaesthesia, ed. Schulte am Esch, M. Schwalbe unter Mitwirkung von Gaffky und Pfuhl. Die spekulative Medizin der Romantik. Claassen Verlag, Hamburg, Die Wiener Medizinische Schule im The Central European Times Publ. Physiology or Medicine — Klassische Schriften zur Zellenlehre. Allgemeine und specielle Pathologie und Therapie. Miraculum naturae sive uteri mulieribus fabrica.

Lugduni Batavorum, apud S. Tractatus physico-anatomico-medicus de respiratione usuque pulmonum. A treatise on the theory and practice of midwifery. Das leitende Element des Nervensystems und seine topographische Beziehungen zu den Zellen. Contractile und leitende Primitivfibrillen. Die Mikrotechnik der tierischen Morphologie. De lactibus sive lacteis venis. Ueber Entwicklungsgeschichte der Thiere. Institutiones anatomicae figurisque secundo auctae.

Idea of a new anatomy of the brain. On the nerves; giving an account of some experiments on their structure and functions, which lead to a new arrangement of the system. The nervous system of the human body. Commentaria cum amplissimus additionibus super anatomia Mundini…. De generis humani varietate nativa. Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie. Geschichte der pathologischen Anatomie. Handbuch der Geschichte der Medizin, , 2: Budapest, Typotex Nyomda, On the origin of species by means of natural selection. The descent of man and selection in relation to sex.

Rudolf Virchow und die Medizin des De medicina historia mirabili. Bibliotheca Medico-Chirurgica et Anatomico-Physiologica. Faksimile-Ausgabe des Originals aus dem Jahre mit Supplement. Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, Hildesheim Lutetiae Parisiorum, apud A. A Short History of Pathology. Livingstone Ltd, Edinburgh, London, Sulla fina anatomia degli organi centrali del sistema nervoso. Sulla struttura delle fibre nervosa midollate periferiche e centrali.

Observationes microscopicae, ad morphologiam pathologiam spectantes. Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. Descriptio foetus bicipitis ab pectora connati. Opuscula pathologica… quibus sectiones cadaverum morbosorum potissimus contineuntur. Anatomical Exercitations concerning the Generation of Living Creatures. The afferent nervous system from a new aspect. Sein Leben und sein Werk. Handbuch der systematischen Anatomie des Menschen. Anatomia uteri humani gravidi tabulis illustrata. Lehrbuch der Anatomie des Menschen.

Handbuch der topographischen Anatomie. Die Corrosions-Anatomie und ihre Ergebnisse. Geschichte und Kritik der anatomischen Sprache der Gegenwart. Handbuch der Gewebelehre des Menschen. Goethe und die Naturwissenschaften. Microscopical observations concerning blood, milk, bones, the brain, spittle, and cuticula …. Fogli della Royal Library de Windsor, pubblicati da C. Dybwad, reprint by Ch.

Saunders, New York, H. A History of Pathology. De pulmonibus observationes anatomicae. De viscerum structura exercitatio anatomica. De ovo incubato observationes. The Rise of Embriology. Adversaria anatomica omnia… Patavii, De sedibus et causis morborum per anatomen indagatis libri quinque. The Seats and Causes of Diseases investigated by anatomy; in 5 books, containing a great variety of dissections, with remarks. A history of embriology. Didot le jeune, Aldo Martello, Milano, Aerzte, Prag, ; Geschichte der biologischen Theorien in der Neuzeit.

Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, Hildesheim, New York, Nuevo concepto de la histologia de los centros nerviosos.

Degeneration and regeneration of the nervous system. Handbuch der pathologischen Anatomie. Berlin, Sander, reprint:. Notes on the arrangement of some motor fibres in the lumbo-sacral plexus. The integrative action of the nervous system. New Haven, Yale Univ. The evolution of anatomy. A short history of anatomical and physiological discovery to Harvey. London, Kegan Paul, Saggio di osservazioni microscopiche relative al sistema della generazione. De musculis et glandulis observationum specimen. De aure humana tractatus. Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur wissenschaftlichen Medicin.

Hildesheim, Olms Verlag, Die Entwicklung der Carcinome. Observationes anatomicae, ex cadaveribus eorum, quos sustulit apoplexia.

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